Earth is so big that it easily overpowers the gravity made by your items. Keep in mind that your computer and backpack both have mass and create their own gravity, but Earth is much bigger. Newton noticed that gravity is all around us, between any two objects no matter their size.įor instance, Earth is very large compared to your computer and your backpack. The word gravity comes from an older word-gravitas-which means "heavy". One pattern became his theory of gravity. Newton watched the world around him and began to see patterns in nature. He lived from 1643 to 1727 and was a very smart man. The first person to realize something strange was going on when objects fell was Sir Isaac Newton. On every coastline of the planet, you can watch the level of the water rise and fall this is due to the Moon's pull on Earth. You can see the effect of the Moon on Earth in the ocean's tides. While Earth keeps the Moon in orbit, the Moon does its own pulling. This is just like the relationship between Earth and the Moon, the Sun and the planets, and anything else with mass. Not so fast, because the elf also has mass and is strong enough to resist the giant but does not have enough strength to pull away completely. You would think the giant could yank the cord, pull over the elf, and win the game. Imagine a giant playing a game of tug-of-war with an elf. For instance, Earth pulls on the Moon, but the Moon also pulls on the Earth. Earth, however, is more dense than Saturn. However, since the physical size of Saturn is nearly 10 times larger than the Earth, Saturn's overall mass is bigger. If Earth and Saturn were the same physical size, then the Earth would have more mass than Saturn. Like the baseball, the Earth is not a hollow core but has layers of air, water, and rock wrapping around a core of iron. Slice the baseball in half and you will see a core made of cork surrounded by layers of rubber. Saturn is very much like that, since the inside of the planet does not have rock but is instead made up of the gases hydrogen and helium. Cut the soccer ball in half and you see its shell and hollow interior. It is easy to see the size difference between the soccer ball and baseball.
So, in this case imagine Saturn as the soccer ball and the Earth as a baseball. Physically, Saturn is much larger than Earth. The same thing can be seen in the solar system. Therefore, its mass will be greater than the soccer ball. The bowling ball has more matter inside it, making it denser than the soccer ball. Whereas the inside of a bowling ball is usually completely solid, so if you cut it in half you will end up with two solid pieces.
The outside of the ball looks solid, but cut it in half and the ball will look like an empty shell. In the case of the soccer ball, air molecules make up most of its interior. The amount of matter in the object will affect how heavy it is, meaning gravity has plenty of matter to grab onto. Will they have the same mass? No.Īn easy way to think about mass is to consider how much matter or "stuff" you can find inside the object. Imagine two balls that are about the same size, like a soccer ball and a bowling ball. Keep in mind that size does not mean bigger mass. If you did want to be the size of a pancake, get on a ship to Jupiter or the Sun both have lots of mass, which means their gravitational pull is pretty intense. Watch a video of astronauts on the Moon, and you can see them bouncing around in ways that would be impossible at home. The gravity on the Moon is actually about one-sixth of the gravity on the Earth. The Moon is much smaller than Earth, which means that the Moon's gravity is less than Earth's. Mass means how much matter-or stuff-an object has inside it. The reason is that gravity's strength depends on an object's mass. You might be wondering why gravity just shrinks you a little instead of flattening you like a pancake.
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Lying down to sleep at night gives your spine a chance to stretch back to your full height. As you walk around during the day, gravity is pulling you down, or more correctly, toward the center of Earth. It happens because of a force called gravity. This isn't because your heavy backpack has weighed you down. If you don't believe it, have someone measure you when you get up in the morning and then again before you go to bed. In fact, at the end of each day you are about 1/2 inch (1.25 centimeters) shorter than when you got up that morning. Every day you are taller in the morning than you are at night.
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